What was the allure
of Baal?
How often do we find in the Old Testament references to the
infidelity of God’s chosen people by their worship of the false god called
Baal? Chronologically it seems that this
was an ongoing problem for the Israelites which lasted hundreds of years,
starting from the time of Joshua right up to at least the Babylonian captivity,
some seven hundred years later. Perhaps
it would help to consider the following. During their final days in Egypt, the
Hebrews were more or less slaves of the Egyptians, at least to the degree that
they were heavily involved – involuntarily, mind you – in some of the major
construction projects of the Pharaohs.
As such their time and energies were wholly dedicated to those
projects. It would appear that for the
most part, the Pharaohs provided the foodstuffs which kept them going on a
daily basis. Moses became their leader
and led them out of Egypt, not because they had as yet personally experienced
the true God/Yahweh as he had, but because he reminded them that God had
promised their fathers Abraham and Isaac, their own land to the north as their
inheritance. At that point they
experienced Yahweh as a powerful God who could overcome the Egyptians and allow
them to miraculously escape. The price was
to worship Yahweh and NO OTHER. The book of Exodus tells us that all too
often they longed for “the good old days” in Egypt rather than the hardships of
the wilderness, and as a result God punished them by letting a whole generation
pass before introducing them into the promised land under Joshua. Consider therefore, when they entered the
promised land they had not been farmers for generations. They had to learn how to be successful
farmers if they were to survive. Who
would teach them how, but the local Canaanites?
How did the Canaanites farm? Bear
in mind this is the pre-scientific age.
Among other things the weather in Canaan is peculiar in that for the
most part it rains only in the springtime.
The Canaanites planted their seeds in early spring and then prayed to
the fertility gods that the rains might come and their crops be successful
(It’s not that important exactly how they worshiped, which had its own
enticements). To oversimplify a bit, the
fact is that the rains did come and they did have successful crops and
prospered. What were the Hebrews to
think? Wouldn’t it be easy to think if
one is going to be a farmer and therefore to eat isn’t the Canaanite tradition
the way to go about it? All their
contemporaries believed in multiple gods (In fact in Biblical Hebrew, the word
for god has only a plural form – no singular). Their contemporaries had various
gods depending on various needs. The Hebrews experience of Yahweh did not
include the experience of successful farming.
Yes, the commandments mediated by Moses demanded belief in only one
God. The challenge to that faith seemed
to be that while recognizing Yahweh as the most powerful, wouldn’t it be
prudent to play it safe and included the fertility god Baal to make sure there
was food on the table? The issue it
would seem was the human tendency to straddle the fence, to compromise. It wasn’t so much that they were directly
denying Yahweh was God as implicitly doing so by hedging their bets, as it
were. As stated above at the beginning, it
took a very long time to get the message that God does not tolerate fence
straddling and compromise when it comes to our relationship with Him. We can’t
have both God and mammon, however alluring a little mammon might be.
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